Understanding the Intricacies of Neuropsychology Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the relationship between brain function and behavior. It is a relatively young field, with significant advancements made in the past 50 years due to developments in technology and brain imaging techniques. In simple terms, neuropsychologists study how the brain’s structure and function influence our thoughts, emotions, and behavior. The importance of neuropsychology is undeniable, as our brain is the center of our being and controls all bodily functions.