Operations research, also known as management Science, is a branch of applied mathematics that uses mathematical and statistical methods to solve complex problems in businesses and organizations. It is a multi-disciplinary field that combines concepts from mathematics, economics, computer science, and engineering to analyze and optimize decision making processes. The main goal of operations research is to identify the most efficient and effective course of action for a given problem. This could involve minimizing costs, maximizing profits, or finding the best plan for managing resources.