Category Theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of abstract structures and the relationships between them. The concept of categories was first introduced by the mathematician Samuel Eilenberg and the logician Saunders Mac Lane in the 1940s, and has since become a powerful tool in many areas of mathematics, including algebra, topology, and computer science. At its core, Category Theory provides a way to organize and abstract mathematical concepts and their relationships, much like how a map helps us understand and navigate a physical landscape.